Author: Aya Nashwan

Abstract The major goal of a root canal filling is the three-dimensional obturation with the complete seal of the whole canal system. The aim of this study is to quantitatively evaluate and compare the sealing ability of GuttaFlow bioseal with different obturation systems (GuttaFlow 2, AH plus, Bioceramic sealer) of single cone techniques. 64 freshly extracted maxillary first molars with a straight palatal root canal were selected. After sectioning of the palatal roots, their canals were instrumented using EdgeEndo X7 rotary system in sequence (20/04 – 40/04) then divided into 4 experimental groups according to the obturation system, Group I: AH plus sealer, Group II: GuttaFlow 2, Group III: Bioceramic sealer, Group IV: GuttaFlow bioseal sealer, and 2 control groups. Apical leakage evaluation was done by dye extraction methods. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD tests. The lowest leakage was in GuttaFlow bioseal, while the highest leakage was for GuttaFlow 2. The statistical analysis revealed that GuttaFlow bioseal had significantly lower leakage than GuttaFlow 2 and Bioceramic sealer ( P< 0.05), while it had no significant difference in the mean leakage when compared with AH Plus. The type of the sealer act as a major determinant of the sealing ability when used with a single cone technique. Bioactive glass based sealer showed the best sealing ability. Keywords: Ah plus, GuttaFlow bioseal, GuttaFlow, Palatal root, Root canal filling material. Journal of International Dental and Medical Research ISSN 1309-100X https://www.jidmr.com/journal/contents-of-jidmr-2020-vol-13-no-4/

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-level laser irradiation in accelerating tooth movement along with self-ligating brackets in dento-alveolar posterior bilateral cross bite correction in adults. Thirty one patients (mean age: 18-25 years) with bilateral posterior crossbite of dento-alveolar origin, Split mouth design was performed and followed, Each upper arch was divided into two sides (experimental and control). Separation rubber was applied for a week then attach the orthodontic brackets and bands and 0.013-in archwire was applied. The laser was applied to the experimental side with a wavelength of 830 nm in a continuous mode (energy density, 1 J/cm2) on 3 points buccally and palatally around each root of upper first and second premolar and upper first molar on the experimental side; the other side was designated as the control with nontherapeutic light applied. Laser irradiation was applied at baseline and then on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21th day after that repeated every mouth until the crossbite corrected. A CBCT image of the upper jaw was taken after the two ends came out of the dental alveolar crossbite to assess the changes in the thickness of vestibular alveolar bone and degree of torque on upper first molar and first, second premolar before and after treatment on both sides. The thickness of vestibular alveolar bone on upper first and second premolar and first molar before the treatment was significantly different after treatment on both the experimental and control sides (p<0.05), the same was for the degree of torque on upper first and second premolar and first molar on both sides. The thickness of vestibular alveolar bone and degree of torque on upper first and second premolar and first molar was nonsignificant (p > 0.05) between the two sides before and after treatment. Within the limitation of this study we can conclude that the laser did not have an additional role in increasing treatment efficacy and the self-ligating brackets were effective in correcting posterior crossbite by widening the upper arch. Keywords: ABSTRACT Self-ligating, Brackets, crossbite, Laser, accelerating, tooth movement. ISSN: 0005-2523

Introduction: Re‑establishing the health of the periapical tissues is considered to be the main objective of nonsurgical root canal retreatment in cases with posttreatment disease. Removal of filling material from the canal space is the most difficult and challenging step during retreatment, regardless of the technique/ instrument used. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of nickel–titanium reciprocating instruments in the removal of root canal filling material in comparison with continuous rotary shaping and retreatment instruments. Materials and Methods: Four electronic databases were used (PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) as information sources. Articles describing in vitro studies carried out on extracted human teeth were included in this systematic review, while narrative, systematic review, in vivo studies, animal studies, studies published in languages other than English, and studies that used methods other than micro‑computed tomography to detect root filling material were excluded from this systematic review. The studies were assessed for eligibility according to inclusion criteria by two independent reviewers; the opinion of the third reviewer was requested when one of the reviewers did not accept the study to be included. Results: Forty‑one studies of 560 titles and abstracts screened were selected for full‑text analysis; 26 studies were excluded, and 15 studies were included in this systematic review. Eleven studies (73%) showed a nonsignificant difference between reciprocating and rotary instruments. Conclusions: The collected studies showed no effect of motion (either reciprocation or full rotary motion) on the remnant of root canal filling materials. Keywords: Reciprocating, retreatment, root canal filling, rotary nickel–titanium DOI:10.4103/sej.sej_151_21

Abstract Background: The periapical area of a tooth was diagnosed using radiography; many types of risk factors can affect the health of the apical area which is the stress during life. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of academic-environmental stress and apical periodontitis in non-endodontic teeth of dental students using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) X-ray, and to demonstrate the association between stress and the prevalence of apical periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study was done on the 103 recruited dental students aged 22–24 years during the final examination year of study in dentistry college. The academicenvironmental stress scale was used to measure the level of stress in each student. The CBCT X-ray was taken for each student. The apical area was measured only for non-root canal-treated teeth using the CBCT periapical radiography index. Chi-square (χ2) test was used to show the percentages of stress and the relationship between apical periodontitis and stress in students. Results: 53 students (51.5%) had a stressed state, whereas 50 students (48.5%) had a non-stressful state. The prevalence of apical periodontitis was greater among stressed than that of non-stressed students in non-endodontic teeth. Statistically, there was a significant relationship between academic-environmental stress and apical periodontitis in non-endodontic teeth. Conclusion: There was a negative effect of examination stress on the apical healthy of teeth that can be increased with the presence of any additional factors such as problems of life. Keywords: Cone-beam computed tomography, stress, students, three-dimensional imaging apical periodontitis