Author: Basma Fathi Alanbari
Screening the Periodontal Health Status and Oral Hygiene Practice in Preschool and Primary School Children
AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the periodontal health statusand oral hygienepractices among 4-12 year old children.Materials and Methods:A total of 300 children aged from 4-12 years old, 144 males& 156 females constituted the study population. The study was conducted at dental clinic of Pedodontic & preventive department at al Rafidain College of dentistry, Baghdad/Iraq. Periodontalhealth status of the sample was examined using plaque and gingival indices and oral hygiene practice-related information was gathered by direct interviews.Results:both PI &GI means value showed fluctuation within the three age groups. With the highest value reported in the 7-9 years old children of both genders. Both periodontal parameters were of higher values in the females children. The frequency of tooth brushing showeda positive correlation with age and a negative correlation with both PI&GI. The gingival inflammation assessment showed thatmild gingivitis is the most prevalent type of gingivitis within the three age groups with the highest prevalence in Screening the Periodontal Health Status and Oral Hygiene Practice…Dr. Basma F. Alanbari, Dr. Maitha S.KadhimIssue No. 38/2016Journal of Al Rafidain University College82ISSN (1681-6870)the 7-9 years old group of both genders. Regarding oral hygiene performance. Majority of the children 171 (57%) practice daily oral hygiene,with the females showing higher percentage of tooth brushing performance. among whom 35%brushed twice/day and 65% brushed once/day. Out of the children who brushed their teeth 42% brushed at night,23% early in the morning and 35% at both timing, 62% used the horizontal toothbrushing method and the rest 38% used the vertical method. Noneof the screened children practiced dental flossing.Conclusion:Despite the daily oral hygiene practiced by the majority of children in the sample , mild gingivitis was prevalent therefore parents ,caregivers& teachers should be targeted during oral health education campaigns to encourage them to teach the correcttooth brushing habits to the children. We suggest that school based oral health promotion and education programmes should be instituted to give positive reinforcement of the oral hygiene practices the child may have learnt at home and to educate those who had never brushed their teeth before starting primary school.Keywords:periodontal health status,oral hygienepractice, gingivitis prevalence. Link :https://jrucs.iq/index.php/JAUCS/article/view/228/220
Animal models in periodontal research: A narrative review
Abstract Animal studies are a prerequisite for human clinical studies involving exposures to a new therapeutic approach to test the quality of observations and treatment outcomes. Owing to the possibility of studying periodontal diseases longitudinally on both cellular and molecular levels, animal models, despite their known shortcomings, are considered superior to other study models when providing information at the host level. Keyword(s): Animal model, dogs, hamster, periodontal research, rabbit and rodents DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2024.uncidc.5
Dental Environment Stress Among Iraqi Students: A Qualitative Study
objective: To determine the degree of psychological stress in undergraduate dental students & explore related gender variation. Methods: 100 5th-year dental students at Al-Rafidain University College (RUC), Iraq, participated in the study by completing The Modified Dental Environment Stress Questionnaire (DES). Results: The primary sources of stress were found to be Completing the clinical requirement, the Atmosphere created by the clinical supervisors, Full working day, Patients being late or not showing up for their appointments, Difficulty in learning precision manual skills required for clinical and laboratory work, examination, and grades & fear of unemployment. The highest score source was (patients being late or not showing), followed by (examination and grades). Regarding gender differences, the (Full working day) was the highest stressor item for the male student’s team, while female students chose the atmosphere created by clinical supervisors) as their top stressor. Conclusion: The highest perceived sources of stress reported by students should be further explored by longitudinal studies, and strategies to minimize the resulting stress should be developed and implemented since psychological stress in study years of dentistry predicts occupational stress later. Keywords: Stress, dentistry, Iraq, Dental Environment, Al-Rafidain University College, student DOI Link:https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.midc.3
How Much Do They Know? Oral Hygiene Attitude and Periodontal Awareness in Iraqi Adults
Abstract Background: The scarce literature regarding oral hygiene attitude and periodontal awareness in Iraqi adults warranted the conduction of this study in order to provide a public profile and a baseline data for further researches. Aims of the study: assessing the oral hygiene attitude and periodontal awareness in a sample of Iraqi adults. Materials and Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 500 adults. Results: Out of the 500 questionnaires distributed, 482 were included in the study.92% of the sample practiced tooth brushing, 69% out of them reported a daily brushing pattern with variable frequency,69% of the sample did not receive oral hygiene education from any source ,more than half of the sample 60 % used the horizontal brushing method, interdental aids was utilized by 42% of the sample with the dental floss being the commonest type 52%, mouthwash used by 37% and tongue cleaning was uncommon as only 22 % of the sample perform it. 78% of the sample did not know what dental plaque is while dental caries were well known by almost the entire sample 98%. 93% reported having gingival bleeding with only 5% out of them referred to the poor oral hygiene as the causative factor. The motive for seeking periodontal therapy for 80% of the sample was restoring the gingival esthetics. Conclusions: The public periodontal awareness and knowledge is still poor in Iraq, the solution requires shared resources and multiple approaches. DOI Link : https://doi.org/10.12816/0041178
Assessment of transforming growth factor beta one (TGF-?1) immunohistochemical (IHC) expression profile in the gingival tissue of patients with different forms of periodontal diseases
Background: This study evaluate the immunohistochemical expression profile of transforming growth factor beta-1 in inflamed gingival tissue of patients with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis compared to healthy subjects and, determine the correlation between this cytokine and the clinical periodontal parameters, intensity of inflammation and chronic periodontitis severity. Materials and methods: Gingival tissue specimens were taken from 23 chronic periodontitis patients, 20 gingivitis patients and 20 periodontally healthy subjects. The periodontal status was evaluated by dichotomous measurements of the clinical periodontal parameters (PLI, GI, BOP, PPD, CAL). The gingival specimens were fixed immediately in 10% formalin and processed routinely into paraffin blocks for further immunohistochemical analysis. Results: A highly significant statistical difference was observed between the study groups regarding the PLI ,GI ,the percentage of bleeding on probing sites and the intensity of inflammation .TGF-?1 expression profile statistical analysis showed a high statistical significant difference among the study groups , A highly significant statistical difference was found between the PPD Scores while a significant statistical difference was revealed among the CAL Scores when the expression profile of TGF-?1 was compared.TGF-?1 was positively correlated with the clinical periodontal parameters (PLI, GI, and BOP) as well as with the intensity of inflammation in the three study groups. In chronic periodontitis group a highly significant positive linear correlation between the PPD and CAL with the TGF-?1 expression profile. Conclusions: TGF-?1 expression profile showed variations as the destructive character of the periodontal disease changed. Therefore, it could be proposed that TGF-?1 might contribute both to inflammatory regulation and remodeling events during periodontal disease. DOI Link :https://jbcd.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jbcd/article/view/206
Evaluation of the Effect of Patient Related Factors on Periodontal Condition in a Sample of Iraqi Population: A Retrospective Study
Abstract Background: Chronic infections of the periodontium brought on by harmful bacteria are known as periodontal diseases. Several factors, both local and systemic, contribute to the onset and development of periodontal infections. Dental plaque and plaque retentive areas, such as dental calculus, and faulty restorations, are examples of the local variables. Neglected diabetes mellitus and chronic cigarette use are examples of the systemic risk factors. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evalulate the effect of patient related factors on periodontal condition. Methodology: The accessible periodontal records were reviewed retrospectively for this cross-sectional investigation. Name, occupation, and primary complaint (C/P) are only some of personal and demographic details that could be gleaned from these files. Dentist visits; tooth brushing, tooth brushing technique, brushing frequency, health records, tooth mobility, routines, and additional clinical parameters such as clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), and the gingival index (GI) are all measures of how much gum tissue has been lost. Both chronic gingivitis (CG) and chronic periodontitis (CP) were noted as diagnoses. Results: There were variations in the clinical parameters, chief complain, and occupation of males and females according to the age groups. There was an increasing of periodontal diseases in old age. Periodontal diseases are more common in males more than females. The mobility of teeth and furcation involvement increase in sever periodontis in old age. Conclusion: There are many local patient related factors that affect the periodontal condition. Periodontal diseases were found more in males than females. In addition, there were more periodontal diseases in old than young patients. DOI Link:https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.5.8