Author: Professor Saad Abdulrahman Hussain
Clinical efficacy of resveratrol as an adjuvant with meloxicam in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis patients: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Bushra H. Marouf, Saad A. Hussain, Ziyad S. Ali, Runj S. Ahmmad. Clinical efficacy of resveratrol as an adjuvant with meloxicam in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis patients: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Brazilian J Pharm Sci 2018; 54(4):e17773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902018000417773 Abstract Background and aim: Resveratrol shows remarkable anti-inflammatory activities in experimental models. This study aims to evaluate the effect of resveratrol, as an adjuvant with meloxicam (Mlx), on the pain and functional activity during a 90-day period and monitor the adverse effects on kidney and liver functions, lipid profile, and hematological markers. Patients and methods: This study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized multi-center study that involved 110 patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and was performed in Sulaimani City, Iraq, from December 2016 to September 2017. To assess the effects of Mlx with or without resveratrol, pain severity and functional disability were evaluated at baseline and after 90 days using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Fasting blood was collected to evaluate the lipid profile markers, hematological picture, and liver and kidney functions, in addition to vitamin D levels. Results: Resveratrol significantly improves pain, functions, and associated symptoms compared with placebo. The clinical and biochemical markers indicated that 500 mg/day of resveratrol, as an adjuvant with Mlx, is safe and well tolerated by the knee OA patients. Conclusion: Resveratrol, as an “add-on” medication with Mlx, was superior in terms of safety and efficacy to Mlx alone for the treatment of pain and improvement of physical function in patients with knee OA.
Development and validation of a comprehensive diabetes self-management scale.
Ehab M. Mikhael, Mohamed A. Hassali, Saad A. Hussain, Nizar Shawky. Development and validation of a comprehensive diabetes self-management scale. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2019; 13:1717-1721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.025 Abstract Background and aim: Diabetes self-management behaviors are necessary to ensure optimum glycemic control. However, limited data were available regarding the practice of self-management by the Iraqi diabetic patients. This study aims to understand the knowledge, behaviors, and barriers to diabetes self-management among Iraqi type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, in addition to their opinions and views toward the diabetes self-management educational program. Methods: A qualitative method approach was used to obtain the data from T2DM patients recruited from the National Diabetes Center, Baghdad, Iraq. Data were collected using a semistructured interview guide, and a thematic analysis approach was used to process the data. Results: Most participants agreed to the importance of self-management practices, especially healthy eating, exercise, taking medications, and healthy coping with stress, to control DM and prevent its complications. Healthy eating and physical activity recommendations were inadequately practiced by most of the participants. Most participants reported irregular self-monitoring of blood glucose. Most of the participants properly adhered to the anti-diabetic medications. They generally lack proper information/knowledge about the importance of self-management practices of foot care and managing diabetes during sick days and how such practices should be implemented. Most participants have positive attitudes toward diabetes self-management practices. Face-to-face educational sessions are preferred by most patients. Conclusion: The Iraqi diabetic patients have inadequate self-management behaviors. The main barrier to self-management practices was the lack of knowledge due to the absence of diabetes self-management educational programs in Iraq.
Efficacy and safety of co-administration of resveratrol with meloxicam in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot interventional study.
Saad A. Hussain, Bushra H. Marouf. Ziyad S. Ali, Runj S. Ahmmad. Efficacy and safety of co-administration of resveratrol with meloxicam in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot interventional study. Clinical Interventions in Aging 2018; 13:1621-1630. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S172758 Abstract Background and aim: Resveratrol shows remarkable anti-inflammatory activities in experimental models. This study aims to evaluate the effect of resveratrol, as an adjuvant with meloxicam (Mlx), on the pain and functional activity during a 90-day period and monitor the adverse effects on kidney and liver functions, lipid profile, and hematological markers. Patients and methods: This study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized multi-center study that involved 110 patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and was performed at Sulaimani City, Iraq, from December 2016 to September 2017. To assess the effects of Mlx with or without resveratrol, pain severity and functional disability were evaluated at baseline and after 90 days using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Fasting blood was collected to evaluate the lipid profile markers, hematological picture, and liver and kidney functions, in addition to vitamin D levels. Results: Resveratrol significantly improves pain, functions, and associated symptoms compared with placebo. The clinical and biochemical markers indicated that 500 mg/day of resveratrol, as an adjuvant with Mlx, is safe and well tolerated by the knee OA patients. Conclusion: Resveratrol, as an “add-on” medication with Mlx, was superior in terms of safety and efficacy to Mlx alone for the treatment of pain and improvement of physical function in patients with knee OA.
Ahmmad. Resveratrol Supplementation Reduces Pain and Inflammation in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients Treated with Meloxicam: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study.
Bushra H. Marouf, Saad A. Hussain, Ziyad S. Ali, Runj S. Ahmmad. Resveratrol Supplementation Reduces Pain and Inflammation in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients Treated with Meloxicam: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study. J Med Food 2018, 1–7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2017.4176 Abstract Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound, is a powerful antioxidant with remarkable anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammation and pain play an important role in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and could cause tissue damage and morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and pain reduction activities of orally administered resveratrol in patients with knee OA. We carried out a 90-day pilot study to evaluate the ability of orally administered resveratrol, as an adjuvant with meloxicam, to decrease knee joint pain and biomarkers of inflammation in comparison with a placebo. One hundred ten men and women (45-75 years old) diagnosed with mild to moderate knee OA were treated with 15 mg per day meloxicam and either 500 mg per day resveratrol or placebo for 90 days in a double-blind, randomized control trial. Pain severity was evaluated at the beginning and end of treatment using Visual Analogue Scale-100 scores. Fasting blood was collected to determine serum interleukins 1β and 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein, and complement proteins C3 and C4. The resveratrol-treated group experienced a time-dependent, significant decrease in pain severity (P < 0.001). Serum levels of the biochemical markers were significantly reduced compared with the placebo-treated group (P < 0.01). These findings suggest that resveratrol may be an effective “add-on” option with meloxicam in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate knee OA.
Correlation between ABO blood groups with insulin resistance in type II diabetes mellitus patients using Metformin.
Haithem R. Mohammed, Kadhim A. Kadhim, Hasan M. Alkutubi, Abbas M. Rahmah, Ban H. Khalaf, Saad A. Hussain, Hayder A. Fawzi. Correlation between ABO blood groups with insulin resistance in type II diabetes mellitus patients using Metformin. Int. J. Res. Pharm. Sci. 2018; 9(3):893-900. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v9i3.1592 Abstract The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between ABO blood group, glycaemic control and insulin resistance in type II DM using metformin therapy. Fifty-five patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus were collected in the diabetic centre Al-Husseini hospital by the specialist physician, according to the American Association of Diabetes, from December 2015 to May 2016. ABO blood groups based on insulin resistance, blood glucose and body mass index were determined and correlated with each other. AB blood group had more reduction in FBG, HbA1c %, BMI (-38.6,-.22.8,-55.1,-4.3, respectively) by effect metformin treatment after three months from other blood groups. The correlation of ABO blood groups based on insulin resistance with FBG and HbA1c% showed the AB blood group had a greater reduction in glycemic control (FBG, and %) after metformin treatment. The present study showed that different ABO blood groups had a different effect on glycemic control and insulin resistance about metformin treatment in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes after three months. Also, AB blood group has a greater association with response to metformin treatment compared with other blood groups.
The anti-inflammatory activity of azilsartan in animal models of experimentally-induced chronic and granulomatous inflammation
Wael W. Mustafa, Samer Shukur, Saad A. Hussain, Naza MA Mahmood. The anti-inflammatory activity of azilsartan in animal models of experimentally-induced chronic and granulomatous inflammation. Int. J. Res. Pharm. Sci. 2018; 9(4):1162-1168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v9i4.1649 Abstract It is well documented that blockade of angiotensin II type 1 receptors may interfere with the progression of inflammatory processes. The present study aims to evaluate the dose-response relationship of the anti-inflammatory activity of azilsartan in rat models of chronic and granulomatous inflammation. The study includes two parts: First part: 42 rats were allocated into 7 groups, each containing six rats, to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of different doses of azilsartan in a rat model of formalin-induced chronic inflammation. Second part: 42 rats were allocated as the first group to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of azilsartan in a rat model of cotton pellet-induced granuloma. Azilsartan in a dose-dependent pattern (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg) significantly attenuated inflammation in both rat models utilized in the study, with the maximum effect achieved at 1.0 mg/kg, which is comparable to that reported for dexamethasone and has relative linearity within the lowest dose range. In conclusion, azilsartan decreased formalin-induced chronic inflammation and cotton-pellet induced granuloma in rats in a dose-dependent pattern. Therefore, it may be considered a potential candidate for treating chronic inflammatory conditions in humans.
Hypertriglyceridemia and waist phenotype as markers in the prediction of gestational diabetes in Iraqi women
Faris A. Rasheed, Raghad H. Mshattat, Ulfat M. Alnakkash, Saad A. Hussain. Hypertriglyceridemia and waist phenotype as markers in the prediction of gestational diabetes in Iraqi women. Res. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2018; 11:25-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/rjog.2018.25.30 Abstract Background and Objective: Abdominal visceral adiposity in early pregnancy can be considered an indicator of the risk of impaired glucose tolerance in later pregnancy. Accordingly, the “hypertriglyceridemic waist” phenotype can be utilized as a clinical marker of visceral obesity. The present study aimed to assess the association between the hypertriglyceride-waisted phenotype in early pregnancy and glucose intolerance in later pregnancy. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was carried out at AL-Elweyia Maternity Teaching Hospital for one year, from January 1st, 2012, to January 1st, 2013. A total of 100 pregnant women were enrolled in this study. The women were allocated according to their waist girth, which was equal to or greater than 85 cm and less than 85 cm. Plasma triglycerides and waist girth were measured at 11–14 weeks of gestation for all groups. Blood glucose was measured following a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test performed at 24-28 weeks of gestation. Results: A waist girth greater than 85 cm and a triglyceride level > 1.7 mmol L-1 in the first trimester were associated with an increased risk of 2 h glucose > 7.8 mmol L-1 following the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OR 7.75, p = 0.0003). This risk remains significant, even after the sample was controlled for maternal age and fasting glucose in the first trimester. Conclusion: Measurement of waist girth and plasma triglyceride levels (hyper-triglyceridemic-waist phenotype) during early pregnancy may be useful as an early screening for the risk of gestational diabetes.
Effects of a combination therapy with atorvastatin and metformin on the glycemic control and adiposity indices in newly diagnosed overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A pilot study
Samer S. Mohammad, Wael W. Mustafs, Saad A. Hussain. Effects of a combination therapy with atorvastatin and metformin on the glycemic control and adiposity indices in newly diagnosed overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A pilot study. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2018; 11(12):209-213. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i12.28309 Abstract Objective: In many type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, metformin is prescribed concomitantly with hypolipidemic agents, particularly statins. Meanwhile, variability in response to metformin is one of the most important problems with the efficacy of this combination. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of adding atorvastatin to metformin on the glycemic control, adiposity indices, and lipid profile of overweight patients newly diagnosed with T2DM. Methods: A total of 50 overweight patients with T2DM were allocated into two groups: the first group received 850 mg/day of sustained-release metformin, and the second group received 10 mg/day of atorvastatin in addition to metformin. The patients were followed for 90 days by evaluating fasting serum glucose (FSG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and the lipid profile at baseline and after 90 days. In addition, the safety of the protocol was monitored through the evaluation of renal and liver functions. Results: HbA1c, FSG, BMI, and VAI values were significantly decreased in both treatment groups compared with baseline. Meanwhile, the combination improves all the lipid profile components with respect to the baseline. No significant differences were reported between the two groups regarding all the measured parameters. The addition of atorvastatin produced a slight but significant negative impact on renal and liver functions. Conclusion: The addition of 10 mg/day atorvastatin to metformin in the treatment of newly diagnosed T2DM overweight patients did not produce significant improvement in glycemic control, adiposity index, or lipid profile compared with the use of metformin alone.